Name: Dalbir Kaur
Country: India

Year: 2026
Volume: Volume-11, Issue-1, January-June 2026 (Special Issue)
Page Number: 387-390
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19453114

ABSTRACT
Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621–1675), occupies a distinctive place in Indian religious and moral history for his profo1und spiritual teachings and his supreme sacrifice in defense of human freedom. The teachings of Guru Teg Bahadur are marked by philosophical depth and existential clarity. Central to his thought is the impermanence of the phenomenal world and the instability of the human mind, which remains entangled in fear, desire, and attachment. He repeatedly warns against identification with the body, wealth, power, and social status, presenting them as obstacles on the path of self-realization. True liberation, according to the Guru, lies in naam simran, constant remembrance of the Divine, combined with detachment, humility, and ethical conduct. He expounds the ideal of jiwan mukti, liberation while living, attainable through
inner discipline and unwavering devotion, even while fully participating in worldly life. Rejecting ritualism, dogmatism, and outward displays of religiosity, Guru Teg Bahadur emphasizes inner purity, equanimity in joy and sorrow, and fearlessness rooted in God-consciousness. His life and teachings together articulate a universal vision of spirituality that unites inner realization with social responsibility. In this way, Guru Teg Bahadur emerges not only as a spiritual master and poet but also as a moral exemplar whose message continues to inspire humanity toward truth, freedom, and spiritual liberation.

Key words: Tyag mal, Gurmat Gyan, Bani, Kartarpur, tyranny, hymns, detachment, Absolute truth, eternal, omnipotent, transcendent, compassionate, maya, Sagun, Nirgun, ignorance, Mukti.