Name: Khoirom Pamil Mangang
Country: India

Year: 2025
Volume: Volume-10, Issue-2 (July-December)
Page Number: 174-179
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18114551

ABSTRACT
The 20th century was a turning point against colonialism and imperialism, as movements ranging from revolutionary violence to nonviolent resistance and cultural revivals mobilized across the globe to dismantle foreign domination. Rosa Luxemburg was one of the intellectual figures who articulated critiques of the empire. This paper explores the relevance of Luxemburg‟s theory of imperialism as a structural consequence of capitalist accumulation and its relevance for the analysis of contemporary neocolonialism and her extension of Marx‟s concept of primitive accumulation as an ongoing process that persists beyond formal decolonization. Her critique of nationalism and bourgeois-led independence movements is examined to show how political sovereignty can coexist with continued economic subordination, a condition central to neocolonial arrangements. The paper also examines her view on the viability of proletarian internationalism and mass action as the only counter to the
imperialist-capitalist system. By applying Luxemburg‟s insights to contemporary global inequalities and transnational capitalism, the paper demonstrates the continued analytical value of her thought for understanding neocolonial power relations and the limits of nationalist and reformist responses.

Keywords: Luxemburg, Capitalist Accumulation, Nationalism, Transnational Capitalism,
Neocolonialism